During its warm phase, North Atlantic sea-surface temperatures are unusually warm compared to the tropical average and the atmospheric conditions over the Atlantic are conducive to hurricane activity. One influence is a variation in North Atlantic Ocean temperatures called the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO), which has cool and warm phases historically lasting 25-40 years each. On a shorter time frame, however, the numbers of Atlantic hurricanes have increased, much of it beginning in 1995, as the tropical North Atlantic warmed and atmospheric conditions became conducive to increased hurricane activity, similar to what occurred during the mid-20th century. Once this is factored in, scientists say there has been no significant overall increase in Atlantic hurricanes since the late 1800s. Scientists say that while the historical record shows an increase in the number of Atlantic hurricanes since the early 1900s, this record does not reflect how much easier it has become to identify hurricanes since we began using satellites. The planes also collect wind data at flight level and have a special microwave radiometer that measures surface wind and the rate of rain. These data give a detailed picture of the storm’s structure and intensity. The Air Force Reserve has ten WC-130J aircraft at the 53rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron at Keesler Air Force Base in Biloxi, Mississippi, which fly directly into the core of the storm to gather critical data for forecasting a hurricane’s intensity and landfall.įlying directly into the storm’s center, these planes drop probes called dropwindsondes at strategic points that continuously transmit critical weather data back to the plane, including pressure, humidity, temperature, wind direction and wind speed. These aircraft are used for both operational missions to collect in-storm data, including from the Tail Doppler Radar (TDR), and for research missions to gain a better scientific understanding of hurricanes and test new instruments. NOAA’s Aircraft Operations Center has two WP-3 Orion aircraft that fly out of Lakeland Regional Airport in Florida. Total number of missions flown by NOAA and USAF Hurricane Hunters in 2022 NHC also provides live streams ahead of the television media pool to provide information on potentially threatening storms to the general public. coastline, NHC opens a television media pool to give live interviews to national news outlets and local TV stations in the path of the storm. When watches or warnings are posted for the U.S. NHC also posts the same information on social media to ensure a wide distribution. A potential storm surge flooding map, peak storm surge graphics, and storm surge watch/warning graphic are included. coast, NHC confers with meteorologists at NOAA’s National Weather Service Weather Forecast Offices in the path of the storm to coordinate any necessary watches and warnings in those communities.Įvery six hours NHC will issue updated text and graphics - all available on - that include track and intensity forecasts for the next five days, storm surge watches and warnings, coastal tropical storm and hurricane watches and warnings for wind, along with the chances of and time of arrival of tropical storm force winds at specific locations. When a tropical cyclone threatens the U.S.
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